The effect of gonadotrophic stimulation on integrin expression in the endometrium

BACKGROUND: Despite many recent advances in IVF treatment implantation rates per embryo transfer rarely exceed 30%. Three integrins (α1β1,α4β1 and αvβ3) have been shown to be expressed in the endometrium in a cyclically dependent manner and are thought therefore to play a vital role in the process of implantation. METHODS: The effect of gonadotrophin stimulation on the expression of these three integrins within the endometrium was investigated by examining biopsies from oocyte donation patients and comparing them with fertile controls. RESULTS: A delay in the maturation of the glandular epithelium was found in the oocyte donation patients. There was also a reduction in the expression of all three integrins in the glandular epithelium and also a reduced expression of the αvβ3 integrin in the luminal epithelium. CONCLUSIONS: As these integrins have been shown to be important in implantation their reduced expression after IVF treatment may have an adverse effect on pregnancy rates.