Bacterial Agents Used for Bioterrorism

Background : Bacterial pathogens and their products are potential agents of biological terrorism and biological warfare. These agents can be deployed through simple aerosol delivery systems and thereby cause widespread disease and death. Methods : This report is a review of bacterial species that have been employed for development of biological terrorism, relying on a system for classification of their threat developed by the Centers for Disease Control. Results : Physicians must understand how to recognize early signs and symptoms caused by bacterial agents. Clinical findings often seen on presentation are emphasized along with a summary of therapeutic approaches. Conclusions : Initiation of immediate therapy and supportive care provides the best chance for survival from these potentially lethal and devastating infections. A high index of suspicion must be maintained, especially in the setting of a sudden influx of cases with what are often relatively nonspecific symptoms.