Isolation and anti-oomycete activity of nyasol from Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizomes

The methanol extract of Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizomes exhibited strong antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungi Magnaphothe grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, and the plant pathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici. The antifungal substance isolated from the rhizomes of A. asphodeloides was identified to be nyasol, ( Z)-1,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene by NMR and mass spectral analysis. Nyasol effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum orbiculare, P. capsici, Pythium ultimum, R. solani, and Cladosporium cucumerinum in a range of 1–50 μg/ml, but did not affect the growth of bacteria and yeast. In a greenhouse test, treatment with the antifungal compound nyasol was significantly effective in suppressing the Phytophthora blight on pepper plants. Nyasol isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizomes effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici. treatment with nyasol was significantly effective in supressing the Phytophthora blight on pepper plants.