Large-scale preparation of (9Z,12E)-[1- 13C]-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid, (9Z,12Z,15E)-[1- 13C]-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid and their [1- 13C] all- cis isomers

Several grams of labelled trans linoleic and linolenic acids with high chemical and isomeric purities (>97%) have been prepared for human metabolism studies. A total of 12.5 g of (9Z,12E)-[1- 13C]-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid and 6.3 g of (9Z,12Z,15E)-[1- 13C]-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid were obtained in, respectively, seven steps (7.8% overall yield) and 11 steps (7% overall yield) from 7-bromo-heptan-1-ol. The trans bromo precursors used for the labelling were synthesised by using copper-catalysed couplings. The trans fatty acids were then obtained via the nitrile derivatives. A total of 23.5 g of (9Z,12Z)-[1- 13C]-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid and 10.4 g of (9Z,12Z,15Z)-[1- 13C]-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid were prepared in five steps in, respectively, 32 and 18% overall yield. Large quantities of bromo and chloro precursors were synthesised from the commercially available acid according to Barton's procedure. In all cases, the main impurities (>0.5%) of each labelled fatty acid have been characterised.