Specific collagenolysis by gelatinase A, MMP-2, is determined by the hemopexin domain and not the fibronectin-like domain

In view of the essential role of the hemopexin domain of the traditional interstitial collagenases, MMP-1, -8, -13 and MT1-MMP (MMP-14), in determining specific collagen cleavage we have studied the function of this domain in MMP-2, relative to that of the fibronectin-like domain that promotes gelatinolysis. Although the fibronectin-like domain promotes avid binding to collagen, our data demonstrate that the catalytic and hemopexin domains of MMP-2 are sufficient to effect the critical step in cleavage of rat type I collagen into 3/4 and 1/4 fragments. The mechanism of MMP-2 cleavage of collagen proceeds in two phases, the first resembling that of the interstitial collagenases, followed by gelatinolysis, promoted by the fibronectin-like domain.