Regulation of herpesvirus replication by subcellular compartmentalization

The transcriptional regulation of herpesvirus gene expression has been well documented. A second model is proposed that is superimposed on regulation at the transcriptional level. The regulation is post-translational in nature. Three examples of the model are found in viral DNA replication, capsid assembly, and the cleavage and packaging of DNA into capsids. For each example, at least one viral protein depends upon an interaction with a second viral protein for transport into the nucleus. A model is proposed whereby these protein–protein interactions control the efficiency of these processes by the formation of the appropriate protein complexes in the cytoplasm. The model predicts that these interactions impose a necessary control and that mechanisms to bypass this control would deleteriously affect virus replication. It is probable that level of regulation extends for each of these processes among other herpesviruses.