Current Assessment of Thromboembolic Disease and Pregnancy

This study was undertaken to assess incidence of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli in an inner-city pregnant population. Thromboembolic disease is believed to occur in 0.05 to 0.1 per cent of all pregnancies. Historically, postpartum thromboembolic disease was more common; decreased hospital stay may shift the thromboembolic disease to the antepartum period. A 5-year retrospective review of 4910 births assessed for incidence of thromboembolic disease, methods of diagnosis and treatment, and risk factors. A total of 4910 deliveries with 3978 transvaginal resulted in 30 episodes of deep venous thrombosis and five pulmonary emboli. All incidences of deep venous thrombosis but one were left-sided; four of five pulmonary emboli were postpartum. Of the epidsodes of deep venous thrombosis 17 per cent were first trimester, 50 per cent second trimester, 27 per cent third trimester, and 6 per cent postpartum. The diagnosis was confirmed by duplex scan in 24 of 30 patients. Heparin was the standard treatment. Deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy is most common in the second trimester; pulmonary emboli remain most common postpartum.