A Paradoxical Exposure-Duration Effect in the Stroop Task: Temporal Segregation Between Stimulus Attributes Facilitates Selection

In comparison with the situation in which target and distractor are presented until response, Stroop interference substantially decreases when the target color is removed from the display 150-160 ms after stimulus onset ( W. La Heij, N. A. Kaptein, A. C. Kalff, & L. de Lange, 1995 ; O. Neumann, 1986 ). Six experiments showed that this paradoxical exposure-duration effect is robust, that it is not due to the target's exposure duration per se, and that it is not due to an increased spatial selectivity of input selection. The present findings support and extend earlier observations that changes in the display during stimulus exposure affect attentional selection. The findings are tentatively interpreted in terms of (a) reduced duration of input selection or (b) facilitation of attribute selection.