Increased plasma levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and α-1-antichymotrypsin in patients with Alzheimer's disease: peripheral inflammation or signals from the brain?
Plasma concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP) and α-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in 145 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 51 non-demented controls were measured. To investigate the cellular activation of peripheral immune system, p...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of neuroimmunology 2000-02, Vol.103 (1), p.97-102 |
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| creator | Licastro, Federico Pedrini, Steve Caputo, Ludovica Annoni, Giorgio Davis, Lizabeth Jane Ferri, Cinzia Casadei, Valeria Grimaldi, Luigi Maria Edoardo |
| description | Plasma concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP) and α-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in 145 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 51 non-demented controls were measured. To investigate the cellular activation of peripheral immune system, plasma levels of neopterin were also investigated. Plasma levels of IL-1 were detectable in 17 patients with AD (13%) and only in one control (2%) and average levels of IL-1 were higher in AD patients than in controls (
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00226-X |
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p<0.001). IL-6 plasma levels were detectable in a higher proportion of AD and controls (53% and 27%, respectively), and were increased in patients with AD (
p<0.001). Plasma levels of ACT were increased in patients with AD (
p<0.001) and CRP levels were in the normal range. Plasma levels of neopterin were slightly lower in AD patients than in controls, but differences were not statistically significant. No significant correlation was observed between IL-1 and IL-6 levels or neopterin and cytokine levels in plasma from AD patients. Plasma levels of ACT negatively correlated with cognitive performances, as assessed by the mini mental state examination (MMSE;
R=−0.26,
p<0.02) and positively correlated with the global deterioration state (GDS) of AD patients (
R=0.30,
p<0.007). Present findings suggested that detectable levels of circulating cytokines and increased ACT might not be derived by activation of peripheral immune system of AD patients. Detection of these molecules might be used for monitoring the progression of brain inflammation associated with AD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0165-5728</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-8421</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00226-X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10674995</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>a1-Antichymotrypsin ; ACT ; Aged ; alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin - blood ; Alzheimer Disease - blood ; Alzheimer Disease - immunology ; Alzheimer's disease ; Brain - physiology ; c-Reactive protein ; Cognitive impairment ; Female ; Humans ; IL-6 ; Inflammation - complications ; Interleukin-1 - blood ; Interleukin-6 - blood ; Male ; neopterin ; Plasma IL-1</subject><ispartof>Journal of neuroimmunology, 2000-02, Vol.103 (1), p.97-102</ispartof><rights>2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-d4adb24f797cf1c969d2c1859f03f3e5f66f03d2f078e6e74cc8370739ddf45f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-d4adb24f797cf1c969d2c1859f03f3e5f66f03d2f078e6e74cc8370739ddf45f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00226-X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10674995$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Licastro, Federico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pedrini, Steve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caputo, Ludovica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annoni, Giorgio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Lizabeth Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferri, Cinzia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casadei, Valeria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi, Luigi Maria Edoardo</creatorcontrib><title>Increased plasma levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and α-1-antichymotrypsin in patients with Alzheimer's disease: peripheral inflammation or signals from the brain?</title><title>Journal of neuroimmunology</title><addtitle>J Neuroimmunol</addtitle><description>Plasma concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP) and α-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in 145 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 51 non-demented controls were measured. To investigate the cellular activation of peripheral immune system, plasma levels of neopterin were also investigated. Plasma levels of IL-1 were detectable in 17 patients with AD (13%) and only in one control (2%) and average levels of IL-1 were higher in AD patients than in controls (
p<0.001). IL-6 plasma levels were detectable in a higher proportion of AD and controls (53% and 27%, respectively), and were increased in patients with AD (
p<0.001). Plasma levels of ACT were increased in patients with AD (
p<0.001) and CRP levels were in the normal range. Plasma levels of neopterin were slightly lower in AD patients than in controls, but differences were not statistically significant. No significant correlation was observed between IL-1 and IL-6 levels or neopterin and cytokine levels in plasma from AD patients. Plasma levels of ACT negatively correlated with cognitive performances, as assessed by the mini mental state examination (MMSE;
R=−0.26,
p<0.02) and positively correlated with the global deterioration state (GDS) of AD patients (
R=0.30,
p<0.007). Present findings suggested that detectable levels of circulating cytokines and increased ACT might not be derived by activation of peripheral immune system of AD patients. Detection of these molecules might be used for monitoring the progression of brain inflammation associated with AD.</description><subject>a1-Antichymotrypsin</subject><subject>ACT</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin - blood</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - blood</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - immunology</subject><subject>Alzheimer's disease</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>c-Reactive protein</subject><subject>Cognitive impairment</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>IL-6</subject><subject>Inflammation - complications</subject><subject>Interleukin-1 - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - blood</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>neopterin</subject><subject>Plasma IL-1</subject><issn>0165-5728</issn><issn>1872-8421</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1uFSEYhonR2GP1EjSs1CaOAsPA4KZpGqtNmrhQk-4IBz4cdIYZgVNzvCR33ojXJKenMbrqhr88Ly_hQegxJS8poeLVhzp0TSdZ_1ypI0IYE83lHbSivWRNzxm9i1Z_kQP0IOcvhNCu5eo-OqBESK5Ut0I_z6NNYDI4vIwmTwaPcAVjxrPHIRZII2y-htjQF_9tBTbR4d-_GtqYWIIdttNc0nbJIVYOL6YEiCXj76EM-GT8MUCYID3L2IW8a3uNF0hhGSCZsQb8aKapZuaI54Rz-BxNfYJP84TLAHidTIjHD9E9X4_h0c18iD6dvfl4-q65eP_2_PTkorFc0dI4btyacS-VtJ5aJZRjlvad8qT1LXReiLpyzBPZgwDJre1bSWSrnPO88-0herq_d0nztw3koqeQLYyjiTBvspZEkZ4LditIJa-YUhXs9qBNc84JvF5SmEzaakr0zqa-tql3qrRS-tqmvqy5JzcFm_UE7p_UXl8FjvdANQZXAZLOtn68BRcS2KLdHG6p-AOqdLPI</recordid><startdate>20000201</startdate><enddate>20000201</enddate><creator>Licastro, Federico</creator><creator>Pedrini, Steve</creator><creator>Caputo, Ludovica</creator><creator>Annoni, Giorgio</creator><creator>Davis, Lizabeth Jane</creator><creator>Ferri, Cinzia</creator><creator>Casadei, Valeria</creator><creator>Grimaldi, Luigi Maria Edoardo</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000201</creationdate><title>Increased plasma levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and α-1-antichymotrypsin in patients with Alzheimer's disease: peripheral inflammation or signals from the brain?</title><author>Licastro, Federico ; Pedrini, Steve ; Caputo, Ludovica ; Annoni, Giorgio ; Davis, Lizabeth Jane ; Ferri, Cinzia ; Casadei, Valeria ; Grimaldi, Luigi Maria Edoardo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-d4adb24f797cf1c969d2c1859f03f3e5f66f03d2f078e6e74cc8370739ddf45f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>a1-Antichymotrypsin</topic><topic>ACT</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin - blood</topic><topic>Alzheimer Disease - blood</topic><topic>Alzheimer Disease - immunology</topic><topic>Alzheimer's disease</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>c-Reactive protein</topic><topic>Cognitive impairment</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>IL-6</topic><topic>Inflammation - complications</topic><topic>Interleukin-1 - blood</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - blood</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>neopterin</topic><topic>Plasma IL-1</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Licastro, Federico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pedrini, Steve</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caputo, Ludovica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annoni, Giorgio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Lizabeth Jane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferri, Cinzia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casadei, Valeria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grimaldi, Luigi Maria Edoardo</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of neuroimmunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Licastro, Federico</au><au>Pedrini, Steve</au><au>Caputo, Ludovica</au><au>Annoni, Giorgio</au><au>Davis, Lizabeth Jane</au><au>Ferri, Cinzia</au><au>Casadei, Valeria</au><au>Grimaldi, Luigi Maria Edoardo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Increased plasma levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and α-1-antichymotrypsin in patients with Alzheimer's disease: peripheral inflammation or signals from the brain?</atitle><jtitle>Journal of neuroimmunology</jtitle><addtitle>J Neuroimmunol</addtitle><date>2000-02-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>103</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>97</spage><epage>102</epage><pages>97-102</pages><issn>0165-5728</issn><eissn>1872-8421</eissn><abstract>Plasma concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C reactive protein (CRP) and α-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in 145 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 51 non-demented controls were measured. To investigate the cellular activation of peripheral immune system, plasma levels of neopterin were also investigated. Plasma levels of IL-1 were detectable in 17 patients with AD (13%) and only in one control (2%) and average levels of IL-1 were higher in AD patients than in controls (
p<0.001). IL-6 plasma levels were detectable in a higher proportion of AD and controls (53% and 27%, respectively), and were increased in patients with AD (
p<0.001). Plasma levels of ACT were increased in patients with AD (
p<0.001) and CRP levels were in the normal range. Plasma levels of neopterin were slightly lower in AD patients than in controls, but differences were not statistically significant. No significant correlation was observed between IL-1 and IL-6 levels or neopterin and cytokine levels in plasma from AD patients. Plasma levels of ACT negatively correlated with cognitive performances, as assessed by the mini mental state examination (MMSE;
R=−0.26,
p<0.02) and positively correlated with the global deterioration state (GDS) of AD patients (
R=0.30,
p<0.007). Present findings suggested that detectable levels of circulating cytokines and increased ACT might not be derived by activation of peripheral immune system of AD patients. Detection of these molecules might be used for monitoring the progression of brain inflammation associated with AD.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>10674995</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00226-X</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | a1-Antichymotrypsin ACT Aged alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin - blood Alzheimer Disease - blood Alzheimer Disease - immunology Alzheimer's disease Brain - physiology c-Reactive protein Cognitive impairment Female Humans IL-6 Inflammation - complications Interleukin-1 - blood Interleukin-6 - blood Male neopterin Plasma IL-1 |
| title | Increased plasma levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and α-1-antichymotrypsin in patients with Alzheimer's disease: peripheral inflammation or signals from the brain? |
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