The Candida albicans Phospholipomannan Is a Family of Glycolipids Presenting Phosphoinositolmannosides with Long Linear Chains of β-1,2-Linked Mannose Residues

In a series of studies, we have shown thatCandida albicans synthesizes a glycolipid, phospholipomannan (PLM), which reacted with antibodies specific for β-1,2-oligomannosides and was biosynthetically labeled by [3H]mannose, [3H]palmitic acid, and [32P]phosphorus. PLM has also been shown to be released from the C. albicans cell wall and to bind to and stimulate macrophage cells. In this study, we show by thin layer chromatography scanning of metabolically radiolabeled extracts that the C. albicans PLM corresponds to a family of mannose and inositol co-labeled glycolipids. We describe the purification process of the molecule and the release of its glycan fraction through alkaline hydrolysis. Analysis of this glycan fraction by radiolabeling and methylation-methanolysis confirmed the presence of inositol and of 1,2-linked mannose units. NMR studies evidenced linear chains of β-1,2-oligomannose as the major PLM components. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that these chains were present in phosphoinositolmannosides with degrees of polymerization varying from 8 to 18 sugar residues. The PLM appears as a new type of eukaryotic inositol-tagged glycolipid in relationship to both the absence of glucosamine and the organization of its glycan chains. This first structural evidence for the presence of β-1,2-oligomannosides in a glycoconjugate other than the C. albicansphosphopeptidomannan may have some pathophysiological relevance to the adhesive, protective epitope, and signaling properties thus far established for these residues.