Prostaglandin D synthase (β trace) levels in sleep apnea patients with and without sleepiness

Abstract Background Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) occurs often in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). However, not all patients present EDS. We hypothesized that the prostaglandin D2 system (PGD2) may be involved in the pathogenesis of EDS associated with OSAS. Methods We measured the levels of lipocalin-type PGD synthase (L-PGDS), the enzyme that produces PGD2, in the serum of 47 patients with OSAS (26 with and 21 without EDS) and 18 healthy controls. Results Patients with EDS had higher levels of L-PGDS (0.73 ± 0.06 mg/L) than patients without EDS (0.58 ± 0.03 mg/L, p < 0.05) and controls (0.62 ± 0.02 mg/L, p < 0.05). L-PGDS levels in patients without EDS and controls were similar. Conclusion The increased levels of circulating L-PGDS detected in OSAS patients with EDS suggest a possible role of the prostaglandin D system in the pathophysiology of daytime sleepiness in these patients.