Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis by Dietary Calorie Restriction

To investigate the inhibitory effect of dietary calorie restriction on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats, and its mechanism. Lewis rats were maintained on a 50% calorie-restricted diet for 2 months or 6 months. The control group was maintained on a 90% ad libitum intake for the same length of time. Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis was elicited in both groups by immunization with an inter-photoreceptor retinoid-binding protein or its peptide. Rats in both groups were examined clinically, histopathologically, and immunologically. The severity of EAU was milder in the restricted diet group than in the control group. In EAU rats, production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in eyes and of IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in draining lymph node cells was significantly lower in the restricted diet group than in the control group. Our results indicate that a calorie-restricted diet suppresses the development of EAU. The suppressed Th1-dependent immunological response is one of the reasons for the mildness of EAU in the calorie-restricted diet group of rats.