Structural and thermal characterization of glyceryl behenate by X-ray diffraction coupled to differential calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy

Physical and thermal properties of glyceryl behenate (Compritol ® 888 ATO) used as sustained-release matrix in pharmaceutical applications are studied by coupled time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Differential Scanning Calorimetry combined with Infrared Spectroscopy. With these techniques, all polymorphs formed in glyceryl behenate, analyzed as received and after various thermal treatments from quenching to slow crystallization, are characterized. By using different well-controlled mixtures of mono-, di- and tribehenate, we identify each lamellar phase observed in the glyceryl behenate. Finally the influence of the crystallization rate on the formation of preferential conformations was also analyzed in order to bring insights into the polymorphism of glyceryl behenate. By changing the crystallization rate of the sample, it was shown that one can favor the formation of preferential polymorphs in the sample. In particular the crystallization at 10 °C/min seems to be well adapted for producing a single lamellar phase with a period of 60.9 Å while a crystallization rate of 0.4 °C/min produces three different lamellar phases.