Alpha reduction and event-related potentials, theta and gamma increase linked to letter selection

We examined evoked and induced modulations in theta, alpha and gamma oscillations, and also the P2 and late positive component of event-related potentials, during a visual discrimination task with target and nontarget letters. Results for target letters showed a decrease in the amplitude of alpha-band (10–11 Hz) activity and an increase in theta (4–7 Hz) and gamma (40–44 Hz) activities around 350 ms after stimulation. P2 and late positive component presented a higher amplitude to target than to repeated nontarget letters. Alpha reduction was inversely related to theta and late positive component increase. Moreover, gamma oscillation amplitude was directly related to theta amplitude. The findings suggest the importance of occipitoparietal alpha reduction for the development of task-related neuronal activity.