Urinary Excretion Study of Coenzyme Q10 in Rats by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

A method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) applying atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in the positive ion mode is developed for the determination of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in rat urine. The assay involves the extraction of crude urine, fast liquid chromatography on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (1.7 µm, 1.0 × 50 mm), and selected ion monitoring detection using mass transition. The calibration range is found to be 0.05–25 µg/mL, with the lower limit of quantitation of 0.05 µg/mL. Intra- and inter-day precision (relative standard deviation) for CoQ10 in rat urine range from 0.7% to 15%, and accuracy expressed in recovery rates in urine is between 83% and 118%. The recovery of this method is found to be between 80% and 95% at three concentrations. The total cumulative recovery of CoQ10 is 1.16 ± 1.05% (percentage of dose intake, n = 4) from rat urine collected over 30 h after oral administration of the drug. The UPLC-MS method described allows the quick determination of CoQ10 in rat urine with good precision and accuracy. It is suitable for further excretion studies of CoQ10 in animals.