Equi-MAC concentrations of halothane and isoflurane do not produce similar bispectral index values

Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) has been traditionally used to measure the potency of an inhalational anesthetic agent. Recently, bispectral index (BIS) derived from the frontal cortical electroencephalogram has been used frequently for quantifying the hypnotic component of anesthesia. The present study was designed to examine the BIS values produced by equi-MAC concentrations of halothane and isoflurane. In 34 patients undergoing spinal surgery, BIS and spectral edge frequency (SEF95) were recorded at 3 different concentrations of halothane and isoflurane--namely 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 MAC. The measurements were made both during wash-in and wash-out phases of the anesthetic agent. Eighteen patients received halothane and 16 received isoflurane. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, and end tidal carbon dioxide pressure values were not different between the 2 groups at various MAC concentrations of the anesthetic agents. BIS and SEF95 values decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of both the anesthetic agents (P