Polyketides from Penicillium sp. JP-1, an endophytic fungus associated with the mangrove plant Aegiceras corniculatum

Polyketides, leptosphaerone C ( 1), penicillenone ( 2), arugosin I ( 3) and 9-demethyl FR-901235 ( 4), were produced by the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. Compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxicity against A-549 and P388 cells, respectively. Four polyketides, leptosphaerone C ( 1), penicillenone ( 2), arugosin I ( 3) and 9-demethyl FR-901235 ( 4), as well as five known compounds, bacillosporin A ( 5), bacillosporin C ( 6), sequoiamonascin D ( 7), sequoiatone A ( 8), and sequoiatone B ( 9) were isolated from the Penicillium sp. JP-1, an endophytic fungus isolated from Aegiceras corniculatum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly by 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 showed cytotoxicity against A-549 cells with an IC 50 value of 1.45 μM, while compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against P388 cells with an IC 50 value of 1.38 μM.