A new strategy for superior reproductive performance of ewes bred out-of-season utilizing progestagen supplement prior to withdrawal of intravaginal pessaries

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of progestagen supplement 24 h prior to intravaginal pessary withdrawal on reproductive performance of seasonal anestrous ewes. Ewes in each experiment were allocated to treatment and control and all were induced to estrus using either intravaginal MAP (Exp. 1; n = 24) or CIDR-G (Exp. 2; n = 28) pessaries for 12 days. Half of the ewes in each experiment were supplemented 24 h before withdrawal of pessaries with either 10 mg oral MAP tablets (Exp. 1) or 25 mg i.m. progesterone (P 4) administration (Exp. 2; P 4-supplement-treated group). Fertile rams were allowed with the ewes at sponge removal (Day 0, 0 h) and estrus was monitored at 6-h intervals for 3 days. Blood samples were collected for measurements of P 4 (Exp. 1 and Exp. 2) and LH (Exp. 2). In both experiments, the percent of ewes in estrus was greater ( P < 0.05) and intervals to estrus were longer ( P < 0.05) in progestagen-supplement-treated than control ewes. In Exp. 2, the occurrence and magnitude of LH surges were greater ( P < 0.01) and intervals to onset of LH surge were longer ( P < 0.01) in P 4-supplement-treated than control ewes. In Exp. 2, P 4 supplement elevated P 4 levels from 1.8 ± 0.1 ng/mL on Day −1 to 4.2 ± 0.3 on Day 0 ( P < 0.001). Following pessaries removal, P 4 concentrations fell to basal values on Day 1 in both groups and remained low until Day 5. Then, P 4 concentrations increased and remained elevated through Day 19 in all (100%) progestagen-supplement-treated in Exp. 1 (12/12) and Exp. 2 (14/14) and in only 5/12 (41.7%) and 6/14 (42.9%) control ewes, respectively. These ewes were confirmed pregnant by ultrasonography and lambed on Day 149.2 ± 0.2 following Day 0. In conclusion, progestagen supplement 24 h prior to removal of pessary can be used successfully to improve reproductive performance of ewes bred out-of-season.