Surveillance programme for hepatocellular carcinoma improves the survival of patients with chronic viral hepatitis

Background: The survival benefit of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is controversial. Aim: We aimed to examine the survival benefit of HCC surveillance in chronic viral hepatitis. Methods: Survivals of HCC patients related to chronic viral hepatitis from the Hepatology Clinic (surveillance group) were compared with those referred from other hospitals/clinics (no‐surveillance group). Lead‐time and length‐time biases were adjusted based on tumour volume doubling times. Results: Among 579 patients (91% hepatitis B), 472 (82%) patients had HCC and 79 (17%) of these patients were referred from the surveillance programme. HCC was smaller (4.2 vs. 7.7 cm; P