DNA methylation in mouse embryonic stem cells and development

Mammalian development is associated with considerable changes in global DNA methylation levels at times of genomic reprogramming. Normal DNA methylation is essential for development but, despite considerable advances in our understanding of the DNA methyltransferases, the reason that development fai...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Cell and tissue research 2008, Vol.331 (1), p.31-55
Hauptverfasser:	Latham, Tom, Gilbert, Nick, Ramsahoye, Bernard
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Animals Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedical research Biomedicine Cell Differentiation Cellular biology Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases - metabolism DNA Methylation Embryonic Development Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology Embryonic Stem Cells - enzymology Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism Embryos Genomics Human Genetics Mice Molecular Medicine Proteomics Review Rodents Stem cells Transcription, Genetic
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Zusammenfassung:	Mammalian development is associated with considerable changes in global DNA methylation levels at times of genomic reprogramming. Normal DNA methylation is essential for development but, despite considerable advances in our understanding of the DNA methyltransferases, the reason that development fails when DNA methylation is deficient remains unclear. Furthermore, although much is known about the enzymes that cause DNA methylation, comparatively little is known about the mechanisms or significance of active demethylation in early development. In this review, we discuss the roles of the various DNA methyltransferases and their likely functions in development.
ISSN:	0302-766X 1432-0878
DOI:	10.1007/s00441-007-0537-9