Non-Aspergillus Allergic Bronchopulmonary Mycosis in a Pediatric Patient With Cystic Fibrosis

This article describes a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) and allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Tricosporon beigelii. An 11-year-old boy with CF failed to respond to conventional treatment for a pulmonary exacerbation. Bronchial washings contained copious budding yeast forms, subsequently identified as T beigelii. Total serum immunoglobulin E was elevated and precipitating antibodies to T beigelii were positive. Together these findings support the diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis. The patient improved with antifungal therapy and systemic glucocorticoid therapy. The pathologic potential of yeast in the airways of patients with CF is unclear. The diagnosis of non-Aspergillus allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis requires a high degree of suspicion and has potentially important implications for the management of patients with CF.