Suppression of Apoptotic Cell Death Progressed in Vitro with Incubation of the Chorion Laeve Tissues of Human Fetal Membrane by Glucocorticoid

In the trophoblast layer of the chorion laeve of human fetal membranes obtaiend by cesarean section at the month of normal parturition, cells with condensed nuclei could be observed by histochemical examination. Incubating fetal membranes at 37°C in vitro in cultivation medium, the frequency of cells with condensed nuclei increased in the chorion laeve, associating with an increase in DNA fragmentation and the population of in situ TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-X nick end labeling) staining-positive cells. The progressed apoptotic cell death in the chorion laeve in vitro was suppressed by incubation of the tissue in the presence of glucocorticoids, cortisone or hydrocortisone, which was also demonstrated by DNA fragmentation analysis and in situ TUNEL staining. These results reveal that a substantial proportion of trophoblast cells in the chorion laeve of human fetal membranes are induced to undergo apoptosis at the end of pregnancy, and that the apoptosis progresses rapidly in vitro as the incubation period increases. It is suggested that certain hormones such as glucocorticoid, may be related to the regulation of the apoptosis in human fetal membranes.