Physiology and healing dynamics of chronic cutaneous wounds

In the last few decades, a great deal of progress has been made in understanding the cellular and biochemical interplay that comprises the normal wound healing response. This response is a complex process involving intricate interactions among a variety of different cell types, structural proteins, growth factors, and proteinases. The normal wound repair process consists of three phases—inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling—that occur in a predictable sequence and comprise a series of cellular and biochemical events. A review of the biochemical and physiologic processes that regulate wound healing and the cascade of cellular events that gives rise to the healing process is presented here.