Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and laryngo-hypopharyngeal carcinoma: a case-control study and review of the literature

Gastroesophageal reflux, by exposing the pharynx to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), is a potential risk factor for laryngo-hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Its possible association has been inconsistent. In this case-control study, we investigated the relationship between H. pylori seropositivity and laryngo-hypopharyngeal carcinoma in Iran. We had 105 healthy controls (group A), 70 cases of laryngeal carcinoma (group B), and 28 cases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma group (group C). Age, sex, smoking habit, alcohol use, and H. pylori serology were determined for all subjects. Groups were matched in age and alcohol use. Smoking and H. pylori seropositivity were more common in groups B and C, and male sex was more common in group B (compared with group A). In multivariate regression, the effect of smoking (p