Accuracy of Linear Measurement Provided by Cone Beam Computed Tomography to Assess Bone Quantity in the Posterior Maxilla: A Human Cadaver Study

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess, for implant placement in the posterior maxilla, the accuracy of linear measurements provided by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using an image intensifier tube and television (TV) chain as an X‐ray detector despite a loss of contrast resolution. The NewTom® 9000 (Quantitative Radiology, Verona, Italy) was used to explore the posterior maxilla. Materials and Methods: Fourteen measurements were taken in three dry maxillaries. On every anatomical site, three fiducial markers were placed on the bony crest to define a plane. Dry maxillaries were submitted to CBCT imaging examination. The maxillaries were then sawn according to the previously defined planes, and bone height and width were assessed using a caliper. The same measurements were taken on images. Results: Clinical analysis demonstrated no difference between real measurements and image measurements. Conclusions: Although cadaver bone density may not correspond to the density of vital bone, this in vitro study indicates that CBCT images provided by technique using image intensifier tube and TV chain as an X‐ray detector are reliable to define the bone volume of the posterior maxilla for the purpose of planning the implant axis.