Desulfotomaculum hydrothermale sp. nov., a thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a terrestrial Tunisian hot spring

1 IRD, UMR 180, Microbiologie et Biotechnologie des Environnements Chauds, IFR-BAIM, ESIL, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, 163 Avenue de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France 2 Laboratoire d'Écologie et de Technologie Microbiennes INSAT, 1080 Tunis, Tunisia 3 Laboratoire Hydrosciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Universités Montpellier 2 et 1, CNRS, IRD, Place E. Bataillon, Case MSE, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France Correspondence Bernard Ollivier bernard.ollivier{at}univmed.fr A novel strictly anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain Lam5 T , was isolated from a hot spring in north-east Tunisia and was characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. The isolate stained Gram-negative but had a Gram-positive-type cell wall. The strain comprised endospore-forming, slightly curved rod-shaped cells with peritrichous flagella. It did not possess desulfoviridin. Strain Lam5 T grew anaerobically at 40–60 °C (optimally at 55 °C) and at pH 5.8–8.2 (optimally at pH 7.1); it did not require NaCl but tolerated concentrations up to 1.5 % (w/v). It utilized lactate, pyruvate, formate, ethanol, butanol, glycerol, propanol and H 2 (plus acetate) as electron donors. Lactate was oxidized and pyruvate was fermented to acetate. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, As(V) and Fe(III) (but not elemental sulfur, fumarate, nitrate or nitrite) were used as electron acceptors. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain Lam5 T was a member of the genus Desulfotomaculum , with Desulfotomaculum putei as its closest relative (96 % similarity to the type strain). On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain Lam5 T represents a novel species of the genus Desulfotomaculum , for which the name Desulfotomaculum hydrothermale sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Lam5 T (=DSM 18033 T =JCM 13992 T ). Abbreviations: SRB, sulfate-reducing bacteria The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Lam5 T and Lam7 are EF081293 and EF494253 , respectively.