Combined surgical and immunotherapeutic treatment of patients with fourth stage colon cancer

Sixty-five patients with the fourth stage colon cancer were subjected to the combined surgical and immunotherapy. The following conclusions are made: (1) surgical elimination of the bulk of tumor mass is a necessary prerequisite for effective immunotherapy; (2) vaccination with autological tumor cells accompanied with bacille bilié de Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the adjuvant and with interleukin-2 as the immunostimulator effectively prevents metastasizing after successful surgery; (3) the vaccine must necessary contain living tumor cells adequately presenting tumor antigens; and (4) in some cases, immunotherapy causes undesirable autoimmune complications. They can be registered by corresponding inflammation control methods.