The current status of surgical staging of ovarian serous borderline tumors

BACKGROUND The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the current practice of surgical staging of ovarian serous borderline tumors. METHODS Women with a diagnosis of ovarian serous borderline tumors whose pathology slides were sent to the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center for second‐opinion diagnostic consultation between 1990–1996 were identified. The original pathology reports and M. D. Anderson Cancer Center consultation reports of 255 cases were reviewed for the frequencies of frozen‐section analyses and staging biopsies, biopsy results, the specialty of the surgeon, and hospital type. RESULTS The majority (78%) of ovarian borderline tumors primarily were encountered and staged by general obstetrician‐gynecologists. Overall, 66% of patients had at least 1 staging biopsy performed. Approximately 12% of subjects underwent complete surgical staging, defined as having biopsy samples taken from pelvic and abdominal peritoneum, omentum, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Gynecologic oncologists performed complete staging in 50% of cases, obstetrician‐gynecologists performed complete staging in 9% of cases, and general surgeons performed complete staging in 0% cases. The overall frequency of a positive staging biopsy was 37%. Approximately 47% (80 of 169) of patients who underwent biopsies were upstaged as a result of positive biopsies, ‐ with 41% (70 of 169) having extrapelvic spread. CONCLUSIONS Currently, surgical staging for women with ovarian serous borderline tumors remains inadequate, although a significant proportion of patients who undergo staging are noted to have extrapelvic spread. Cancer 1999;85:905–11. © 1999 American Cancer Society. Despite extensive educational efforts, intraoperative frozen‐section analysis of ovarian masses and surgical staging of ovarian serous borderline tumors remain suboptimal in the United States.