Reparative dentin formation in rat molars after direct pulp capping with growth factors

Growth factors involved in normal wound healing may promote tissue repair when applied as a direct pulp capping medication. A minimal pulp exposure was made in rat molars, a pulp capping medication was placed, and the cavity was sealed. Epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor II, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1)—each absorbed onto a sterile collagen membrane (BioMend; Calcitek, Carlsbad, CA)—were used separately as pulpal medicaments. Dycal, unimpregnated collagen membrane, and no medication were used as controls. Eight samples from each treatment regimen were collected 2 and 3 weeks after surgery. Pulpal soft and hard tissue responses were graded. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer tests. No significant differences were detected after 2 wk. Pulp treated with TGF-β 1 showed significantly improved soft and hard tissue healing at week 3, compared with the procedure control. We conclude that TGF-β 1 as a pulp-capping medication enhances reparative dentin formation in rat molars.