Prediction of Nonrelapse Mortality for Patients Surviving 100 Days After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract Background Patients who survive 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) are at risk for chronic graft-versus-host disease and other potentially fatal complications. As the symptoms overlap and the differential diagnosis is difficult, the goal of this study was to verify whether basic laboratory evaluation performed on day +100 may allow identification of patients who are at high risk for nonrelapse mortality (NRM), independent of the underlying complications. Patients and Methods We analyzed 255 patients, mean age 29 years (range, 10–56 years), who remained alive and disease-free on day +100 after myeloablative alloHSCT from an HLA-identical sibling (n = 177) or a matched unrelated volunteer (n = 78), performed in a single institution between 1992 and 2003. Results Upon univariate analysis, the following laboratory parameters were associated with increased incidence of NRM: peripheral blood neutrophils