Colchicine delays the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis virus‐related liver cirrhosis

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant neoplasm associated with liver cirrhosis, with an annual incidence of 3% to 9%, which is one of the main causes of death in patients with cirrhosis. Viral hepatitis is associated with an increased risk of HCC, probably due to an inflammatory reaction. Colchicine is an antiinflammatory agent that inhibits the formation of intracellular microtubules, affecting mitosis and fibrogenesis. Diverse clinical studies have failed to demonstrate the benefit of colchicine over the progression of fibrosis in patients with liver cirrhosis; nevertheless, to the authors' knowledge there are no studies that evaluate its effect in the development of HCC. METHODS The effect of the administration of colchicine on the development of HCC was evaluated in 186 patients with hepatitis virus‐related liver cirrhosis in a retrospective cohort study. The minimum follow‐up time was 3 years (median, 84 months ± 2.8 months). One hundred sixteen patients received treatment with colchicine. The characteristics of both groups were similar. RESULTS The percentage of patients who developed HCC was significantly smaller in the colchicine group when compared with the noncolchicine group (9% vs. 29%; P = .001). On multivariate analysis, an α‐fetoprotein level ≥5 ng/dL (P = .03), a platelet count