Quantitative expression of apoptosis-regulating genes in endometrium from women with and without endometriosis

Objective To quantitate antiapoptotic and proapoptotic gene expression in endometrial cells (ECs) of women with and without endometriosis. Design Determination of transcript abundance (TA) of apoptosis-regulating genes in eutopic and ectopic endometrial cells. Setting Institute for the Study and Treatment of Endometriosis, Chicago, Illinois, and university-based research laboratories. Patient(s) Women with (n = 10) and without (n = 6) endometriosis. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Quantitative virtually multiplexed transcript abundance measurement (VMTA) of the BCL2, BCLxL, defender against cell death-1 (DAD-1), BCLxS, P53, Caspase-1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) genes. Result(s) The TA ratio of antiapoptotic to proapoptotic isoforms of the BCL-X gene favors survival in eutopic and ectopic ECs from women with endometriosis, but not control ECs. This was found throughout the menstrual cycle for ectopic ECs. Eutopic but not ectopic ECs also expressed increased TA of the antiapoptotic DAD-1 gene in endometriosis. Eutopic and ectopic ECs from women with endometriosis expressed decreased TA of p53 and Caspase-1 compared to ECs from women without endometriosis. Expression of these genes was not correlated with the proliferative state of ECs based on TA of the PCNA gene. Conclusion(s) Dysregulation in expression of pro- and antiapoptotic regulatory genes characterizes eutopic and ectopic ECs from women with endometriosis. These results are consistent with apoptotic resistance and enhanced survival of ECs in endometriosis.