Sinonasal Leiomyosarcoma: Review of Literature and Case Report

Objectives/Hypothesis: To determine prognosis of primary sinonasal leiomyosarcomas after treatment. Study Design: Literature review and case report. Methods: Review of English literature from MEDLINE and independent sources with the addition of our case. Results: Including our case, 63 cases have been reported. Primary treatment includes resection with or without radiation. Chemotherapy has not been reported to be effective. In our case, however, chemotherapy, consisting of etoposide and high‐dose ifosfamide, caused the tumor to shrink significantly. On the basis of a review of all reported cases, the overall survival rate at a mean follow‐up of 38.24 month is 66%. The minimal overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years are 20% and 6%, respectively. Conclusion: The prognosis for primary sinonasal leiomyosarcomas is poor. However, a 10–year survival has been reported in a few patients. Chemotherapy may be a useful adjunct when managing extensive lesions unamenable to curative resection.