Role of asparagine and asparagine synthetase genes in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) germination and natural senescence

Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) contains three active asparagine synthetase (EC 6.3.5.4, AS) genes: HAS1, HAS1.1 and HAS2. Asparagine content and AS gene expression were determined during germination and leaf and cotyledon natural senescence to assess the role of asparagine as well as the extent of p...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of plant physiology 2006-10, Vol.163 (10), p.1061-1070
Hauptverfasser: Herrera-Rodríguez, María Begoña, Maldonado, José María, Pérez-Vicente, Rafael
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Maldonado, José María
Pérez-Vicente, Rafael
description Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) contains three active asparagine synthetase (EC 6.3.5.4, AS) genes: HAS1, HAS1.1 and HAS2. Asparagine content and AS gene expression were determined during germination and leaf and cotyledon natural senescence to assess the role of asparagine as well as the extent of participation of each AS gene in different nitrogen mobilizing processes. Asparagine accumulated in the dry seed and was the predominant amide throughout germination. During cotyledon senescence, the asparagine level was slightly higher than that of glutamine. The opposite was true for leaf senescence. According to transcript accumulation data, most of the asparagine newly synthesized for germination and cotyledon expansion was due to HAS2 activity, with little contribution of the other AS genes. However, all three genes work together to synthesize asparagine for leaf senescence. The absence of significant AS gene expression in cotyledon senescence differentiates leaf and cotyledon senescence, and suggests a cotyledon-specific regulation.
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Asparagine content and AS gene expression were determined during germination and leaf and cotyledon natural senescence to assess the role of asparagine as well as the extent of participation of each AS gene in different nitrogen mobilizing processes. Asparagine accumulated in the dry seed and was the predominant amide throughout germination. During cotyledon senescence, the asparagine level was slightly higher than that of glutamine. The opposite was true for leaf senescence. According to transcript accumulation data, most of the asparagine newly synthesized for germination and cotyledon expansion was due to HAS2 activity, with little contribution of the other AS genes. However, all three genes work together to synthesize asparagine for leaf senescence. The absence of significant AS gene expression in cotyledon senescence differentiates leaf and cotyledon senescence, and suggests a cotyledon-specific regulation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0176-1617</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1618-1328</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2005.10.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16368161</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPPHEY</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Jena: Elsevier GmbH</publisher><subject>ammonia ; asparagine ; Asparagine - biosynthesis ; Asparagine - genetics ; asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) ; Asparagine synthetase ; Aspartate-Ammonia Ligase - genetics ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cotyledon - chemistry ; Cotyledon - genetics ; cotyledons ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gene expression regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Germination ; Helianthus - chemistry ; Helianthus - genetics ; Helianthus - growth &amp; development ; Helianthus annuus ; Natural senescence ; nitrogen ; Nitrogen mobilization ; plant biochemistry ; plant development ; Plant Leaves - chemistry ; Plant Leaves - genetics ; Plant Leaves - growth &amp; development ; plant physiology ; Plant physiology and development ; seed germination ; Senescence and abscission ; sucrose ; Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. 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Asparagine content and AS gene expression were determined during germination and leaf and cotyledon natural senescence to assess the role of asparagine as well as the extent of participation of each AS gene in different nitrogen mobilizing processes. Asparagine accumulated in the dry seed and was the predominant amide throughout germination. During cotyledon senescence, the asparagine level was slightly higher than that of glutamine. The opposite was true for leaf senescence. According to transcript accumulation data, most of the asparagine newly synthesized for germination and cotyledon expansion was due to HAS2 activity, with little contribution of the other AS genes. However, all three genes work together to synthesize asparagine for leaf senescence. The absence of significant AS gene expression in cotyledon senescence differentiates leaf and cotyledon senescence, and suggests a cotyledon-specific regulation.</description><subject>ammonia</subject><subject>asparagine</subject><subject>Asparagine - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Asparagine - genetics</subject><subject>asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)</subject><subject>Asparagine synthetase</subject><subject>Aspartate-Ammonia Ligase - genetics</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cotyledon - chemistry</subject><subject>Cotyledon - genetics</subject><subject>cotyledons</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gene expression regulation</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Germination</subject><subject>Helianthus - chemistry</subject><subject>Helianthus - genetics</subject><subject>Helianthus - growth &amp; development</subject><subject>Helianthus annuus</subject><subject>Natural senescence</subject><subject>nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen mobilization</subject><subject>plant biochemistry</subject><subject>plant development</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Leaves - growth &amp; development</subject><subject>plant physiology</subject><subject>Plant physiology and development</subject><subject>seed germination</subject><subject>Senescence and abscission</subject><subject>sucrose</subject><subject>Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. 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Psychology</topic><topic>gene expression regulation</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Germination</topic><topic>Helianthus - chemistry</topic><topic>Helianthus - genetics</topic><topic>Helianthus - growth &amp; development</topic><topic>Helianthus annuus</topic><topic>Natural senescence</topic><topic>nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrogen mobilization</topic><topic>plant biochemistry</topic><topic>plant development</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Leaves - growth &amp; development</topic><topic>plant physiology</topic><topic>Plant physiology and development</topic><topic>seed germination</topic><topic>Senescence and abscission</topic><topic>sucrose</topic><topic>Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. Senescence</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Herrera-Rodríguez, María Begoña</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maldonado, José María</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pérez-Vicente, Rafael</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of plant physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Herrera-Rodríguez, María Begoña</au><au>Maldonado, José María</au><au>Pérez-Vicente, Rafael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Role of asparagine and asparagine synthetase genes in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) germination and natural senescence</atitle><jtitle>Journal of plant physiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Plant Physiol</addtitle><date>2006-10-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>163</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1061</spage><epage>1070</epage><pages>1061-1070</pages><issn>0176-1617</issn><eissn>1618-1328</eissn><coden>JPPHEY</coden><abstract>Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) contains three active asparagine synthetase (EC 6.3.5.4, AS) genes: HAS1, HAS1.1 and HAS2. Asparagine content and AS gene expression were determined during germination and leaf and cotyledon natural senescence to assess the role of asparagine as well as the extent of participation of each AS gene in different nitrogen mobilizing processes. Asparagine accumulated in the dry seed and was the predominant amide throughout germination. During cotyledon senescence, the asparagine level was slightly higher than that of glutamine. The opposite was true for leaf senescence. According to transcript accumulation data, most of the asparagine newly synthesized for germination and cotyledon expansion was due to HAS2 activity, with little contribution of the other AS genes. However, all three genes work together to synthesize asparagine for leaf senescence. 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subjects ammonia
asparagine
Asparagine - biosynthesis
Asparagine - genetics
asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
Asparagine synthetase
Aspartate-Ammonia Ligase - genetics
Biological and medical sciences
Cotyledon - chemistry
Cotyledon - genetics
cotyledons
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene expression regulation
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Germination
Helianthus - chemistry
Helianthus - genetics
Helianthus - growth & development
Helianthus annuus
Natural senescence
nitrogen
Nitrogen mobilization
plant biochemistry
plant development
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Plant Leaves - genetics
Plant Leaves - growth & development
plant physiology
Plant physiology and development
seed germination
Senescence and abscission
sucrose
Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. Senescence
title Role of asparagine and asparagine synthetase genes in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus) germination and natural senescence
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