Two-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative disc disease: improved clinical outcome with restoration of lumbar lordosis

Although posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for degenerative lumbar diseases is routine, there are few reports on double-level PLIF. To evaluate the clinical outcomes of double-level PLIF. A retrospective study of operated cases in Gifu, Japan. Nineteen patients (8 men and 11 women, 59.5±10.2 years) who underwent double-level PLIF between 1996 and 2001. Operation time, blood loss, complications, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for back pain and lumbar sagittal alignment were evaluated. Patients were examined retrospectively at follow-ups of 3.6±1.7 years. Primary diseases were spondylolisthesis, spinal canal stenosis, degenerative scoliosis and herniated intervertebral disc. Fusion areas were L3 to L5 in 15 cases and L4 to S1 in 4 cases. The mean JOA score increased from an initial score of 12.9±3.5 to 21.3±4.9 at the final follow-up. There was a positive correlation (R=0.718, p