The Cardio‐Renal‐Anemia Syndrome in Elderly Subjects With Heart Failure and a Normal Ejection Fraction: A Comparison With Heart Failure and Low Ejection Fraction

The prevalence and severity of anemia and renal dysfunction in heart failure patients with a normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) is uncharacterized. Two hundred eighty‐five consecutive patients admitted to a community hospital with heart failure were stratified by the presence or absence of anemia and a normal or reduced ejection fraction. Comparisons of clinical variables were performed. In this sample, 62% of subjects were anemic, with no difference between those with a normal and a reduced ejection fraction (63% vs. 61%). Anemic HFNEF subjects had a lower glomerular filtration rate (37±21 mL/min vs. 52±35 mL/min; p