Adenoviral infection of survivin antisense sensitizes prostate cancer cells to etoposide in vivo

BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate whether use of a survivin antisense fragment carried by an adenovirus vector (Ad.survivin‐AS) could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy for androgen‐independent prostate cancer. METHODS We used Ad.survivin‐AS to promote apoptosis through inhibition of survivin expression. Recombinant adenoviruses alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents were tested for anti‐cancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Infection with Ad.survivin‐AS strongly inhibited survivin expression in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner, resulting in significant antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of survivin expression potentiated induction of apoptosis by the chemotherapeutic agents docetaxel and etoposide in DU145 cells. In particular, the combination of etoposide and Ad.survivin‐AS demonstrated dramatic growth inhibition with no tumor regrowth being observed during the experimental period. CONCLUSIONS The prominent synergy of this combination may provide a basis for clinical application of Ad.survivin‐AS as a chemosensitizer of etoposide. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.