Hyphenation of capillary high-performance liquid chromatography to microcoil magnetic resonance spectroscopy—determination of various carotenoids in a small-sized spinach sample

The development of miniaturized hyphenated systems such as capillary high-performance liquid chromatography–and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HPLC–NMR) remains challenging in the field of structure elucidation. In combination with a highly specific sample preparation technique, matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), and a highly selective C 30 reverse phase HPLC–NMR enables the identification of small amounts of natural compounds. Here, the investigation of five carotenoids in a standard solution and two carotenoids from a spinach sample demonstrate the potential of this new development. The separation of the carotenoids is performed with self-packed fused-silica capillaries with a binary solvent gradient consisting of acetone and water. The miniaturized system allows the use of fully deuterated solvents for on-line HPLC–NMR coupling. The 1H NMR spectra of the various carotenoids obtained in stopped-flow mode gave a high signal-to-noise ratio with a sample amount in the low nanogram range. All necessary parameters for structure elucidation such as multiplet structure, coupling constants and integration values can be detected unambiguously.