Short-chain aliphatic amines in human urine: a mathematical examination of metabolic interrelationships

Abstract The relationships between several small molecular weight aliphatic amines (methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, and ethylamine) and an associated N -oxide (trimethylamine N -oxide) quantified in human urine collected from 203 healthy volunteers have been assessed mathematically. Principal component analysis highlighted a female subgroup with raised trimethylamine levels and the possibility of hormonal influence on the N-oxidation of trimethylamine has been proposed. A second subgroup of men, who ate a large meal of fish before the study, displayed raised levels of all compounds except ethylamine. In all cases, ethylamine was least significantly correlated with the other urinary components and appeared metabolically unrelated.