G-CSF mobilizes slanDCs (6-sulfo LacNAc+ dendritic cells) with a high proinflammatory capacity

Donor dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the induction of immunity and tolerance after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Treatment of healthy donors with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) increases the numbers of tolerogenic DCs and T cells among mobilized blood leukocytes in the graft. SlanDCs (6-sulfo LacNAc+ DCs), a major source of IL-12 and TNF-α in blood, have not been studied in this respect. Here, we demonstrate that slanDCs (14.9 × 106/L to 64.0 × 106/L) are efficiently mobilized by G-CSF and retain their capacity to produce IL-12 and TNF-α at high levels. Furthermore, G-CSF–mobilized slanDCs programmed the differentiation of Th1 cells and displayed a particularly strong capacity to stimulate the proliferation of naive allogeneic T cells. Thus, slanDCs transfused into recipients of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplants are functionally fully capable and may be critical in supporting graft-versus-host disease as well as graft-versus-leukemia effects.