Sentinel lymph node detection in early stage uterine cervix carcinoma: A systematic review

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to systematically review the diagnostic performance of Sentinel Node (SN) detection for assessing the nodal status in early stage cervical carcinoma, and to determine which technique (using blue dye, Technetium-99m colloid (99m Tc), or the combined method) had the highest success rate in terms of detection rate and sensitivity. Methods. A comprehensive computer literature search of English language studies in human subjects on Sentinel Node procedures was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to July 2006. For each article two reviewers independently performed a methodological qualitative analysis and data extraction using a standard form. Pooled values of the SN detection rate and pooled sensitivity values of the SN procedure are presented with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the three different SN detection techniques. Results. We identified 98 articles, and 23 met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 842 patients. Ultimately, 12 studies used the combined technique with a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 84–98%). Five studies used99m Tc-colloid, with a pooled sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 79–98%; p = 0.71 vs. combined technique), and four used blue dye with a pooled sensitivity of 81% (67–92%, p = 0.17 vs. combined technique). The SN detection rate was highest for the combined technique: 97% (95% CI: 95–98%), vs. 84% for blue dye (95% CI: 79–89%; p < 0.0001), and 88% (95% CI: 82–92%, p = 0.0018) for99m Tc colloid. Conclusion. SN biopsy has the highest SN detection rate when99m Tc is used in combination with blue dye (97%), and a sensitivity of 92%. Hence, according to the present evidence in literature the combination of99m Tc and a blue dye for SN biopsy in patients with early stage cervical cancer is a reliable method to detect lymph node metastases in early stage cervical cancer.