Diverse class 2 integrons in bacteria from beef cattle sources

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of class 2 integrons in bacteria isolated from beef cattle sources. Methods: The variable regions of a subset of 11 class 2 integron-containing bacteria were analysed by PCR and DNA sequencing for the presence of novel rearrangements. Results: A total of six different class 2 integron arrays were identified and four of these were fully characterized. Three of the four arrays characterized have been previously described; however the remaining array is unlike previously described class 2 integrons. The novel class 2 integron was found in Providencia stuartii and contains an apparently functional class 2 integrase. Examination of the variable region of the P. stuartii integron identified nine open reading frames, mostly of unknown function, and represents the first report of a class 2 integron without inserted antibiotic resistance gene cassettes. Conclusions: This study has identified a novel class 2 integron found in P. stuartii that contains an apparently functional naturally occurring class 2 integrase. Further investigation of this novel class 2 integron is required to determine the impact of a functional class 2 integrase upon the evolution of class 2 integrons.