Physicochemical Properties and Sensing Ability of Metallophthalocyanines/Chitosan Nanocomposites

Electroactive nanostructured films of chitosan (Ch) and tetrasulfonated metallophthalocyanines containing nickel (NiTsPc), copper (CuTsPc), and iron (FeTsPc) were produced via the electrostatic layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The multilayer formation was monitored with UV−vis spectroscopy by measuring the increase of the Q-band absorption from metallophthalocyanines. Results from transmission and reflection infrared spectroscopy suggested specific interactions between SO3 - groups from metallophthalocyanines and NH3 + from chitosan. The electroactive multilayered films assembled onto an ITO electrode were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, with Ch/NiTsPc films showing higher stability and well-defined voltammograms displaying reversible redox peaks at 0.80 and 0.75 V. These films could be used to detect dopamine (DA) in the concentration range from 5.0 × 10-6 to 1.5 × 10-4 mol L-1. Also, ITO−(Ch/NiTsPc) n electrodes showed higher electrocatalytic activity for DA oxidation when compared with a bare ITO electrode. On the other hand, only the Ch/FeTsPc and Ch/CuTsPc modified electrodes could distinguish between DA and ascorbic acid. These results demonstrate that versatile electrodes can be prepared by incorporation of different metallophthalocyanine molecules in LbL films, which may be used in bioanalytical applications.