Novel crystalline carbon-cage structure synthesized from laser-driven shock wave loading of graphite

We report a novel crystalline carbon-cage structure synthesized from laser-driven shock wave loading of a graphite-copper mixture to about 14 ± 2 GPa and 1000 ± 200 K . Quite unexpectedly, it can be structurally related to an extremely compressed three-dimensional C 60 polymer with random displacement of C atoms around average positions equivalent to those of distorted C 60 cages. Thus, the present carbon-cage structure represents a structural crossing point between graphite interlayer bridging and C 60 polymerization as the two ways of forming diamond from two-dimensional and molecular carbon.