Microhardness of dentine underlying ART restorations in primary molars: an in vivo pilot study

Key Points ART is a successful method that uses glass ionomer cement to control decay. Although ART has good success rates, it is not known how ionometric material can affect dentine structure. Microhardness studies may help investigations of tooth structure alterations like remineralisation and demineralisation. Objective To evaluate the microhardness of dentine underlying glass ionomer restorations made with Atraumatic Restorative Treatment. Design An experimental single-centre study. Setting University Department, Brazil, 2001. Materials and Methods Sixteen children were selected showing primary molars containing carious cavities (n=29), which were restored using Fugi IX. Subsequently, some teeth were extracted respecting Nolla stage 7 or 8 of the permanent successor, and categorised according to the post-restoration time in the mouth: G1 (baseline, immediate extraction), G2 (30 days), G3 (90 days) and G4 (180 days). Four teeth were excluded because they were not in time of normal exfoliation. The 25 extracted teeth were resin embedded, sectioned mesiodistally and prepared metallographically. Knoop microhardness analysis (Micromet 2003; 10g for 1.5 sec.) produced identations in three areas of dentine: Zone 1 (just below the restoration), Zone 3 (as close as possible to the pulp) and Zone 2 (intermediate region between 1 and 3). Non-parametric statistical tests were done — at a significance level of 5%. Results Four teeth were excluded. No significant difference was noted among the zones, inside the groups. Zones 1 and 2 showed a considerable increase of microhardness according to the time, except for Group 3 (p>0.05). Conclusion Although microhardness had increased, it was not sufficiently equal to the microhardness of the healthy dentine, regardless of the depth evaluated.