Hyaluronan Synthesis Induces Microvillus-like Cell Surface Protrusions

Hyaluronan synthases (HASs) are plasma membrane enzymes that simultaneously elongate, bind, and extrude the growing hyaluronan chain directly into extracellular space. In cells transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Has3, the dorsal surface was decorated by up to 150 slender, 3–20-μ...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of biological chemistry 2006-06, Vol.281 (23), p.15821-15828
Hauptverfasser: Kultti, Anne, Rilla, Kirsi, Tiihonen, Riikka, Spicer, Andrew P., Tammi, Raija H., Tammi, Markku I.
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container_end_page 15828
container_issue 23
container_start_page 15821
container_title The Journal of biological chemistry
container_volume 281
creator Kultti, Anne
Rilla, Kirsi
Tiihonen, Riikka
Spicer, Andrew P.
Tammi, Raija H.
Tammi, Markku I.
description Hyaluronan synthases (HASs) are plasma membrane enzymes that simultaneously elongate, bind, and extrude the growing hyaluronan chain directly into extracellular space. In cells transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Has3, the dorsal surface was decorated by up to 150 slender, 3–20-μm-long microvillus-type plasma membrane protrusions, which also contained filamentous actin, the hyaluronan receptor CD44, and lipid raft microdomains. Enzymatic activity of HAS was required for the growth of the microvilli, which were not present in cells transfected with other GFP proteins or inactive GFP-Has3 mutants or in cells incubated with exogenous soluble hyaluronan. The microvilli induced by HAS3 were gradually withered by introduction of an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis and rapidly retracted by hyaluronidase digestion, whereas they were not affected by competition with hyaluronan oligosaccharides and disruption of the CD44 gene, suggesting independence of hyaluronan receptors. The data bring out the novel concept that the glycocalyx created by dense arrays of hyaluronan chains, tethered to HAS during biosynthesis, can induce and maintain prominent microvilli.
doi_str_mv 10.1074/jbc.M512840200
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source MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Animals
Cell Line, Tumor
Glucuronosyltransferase - metabolism
Green Fluorescent Proteins - metabolism
Guinea Pigs
Humans
Hyaluronan Synthases
Hyaluronic Acid - biosynthesis
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Microvilli
Transfection
title Hyaluronan Synthesis Induces Microvillus-like Cell Surface Protrusions
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