Steady-state fluorescence quenching applications for studying protein structure and dynamics

Fluorescence quenching methods are useful to obtain information about the conformational and/or dynamic changes of proteins in complex macromolecular systems. In this review steady-state methods are described and the data interpretation is thoroughly discussed. As a special case of fluorescence quenching mechanism, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) phenomenon is also presented. Application of a FRET based method to characterize the temperature dependence of the flexibility of protein matrix is clearly demonstrated.