Interpretation of Transmissivity Estimates from Single-Well Pumping Aquifer Tests

Interpretation of single‐well tests with the Cooper‐Jacob method remains more reasonable than most alternatives. Drawdowns from 628 simulated single‐well tests where transmissivity was specified were interpreted with the Cooper‐Jacob straight‐line method to estimate transmissivity. Error and bias as a function of vertical anisotropy, partial penetration, specific yield, and interpretive technique were investigated for transmissivities that ranged from 10 to 10,000 m2/d. Cooper‐Jacob transmissivity estimates in confined aquifers were affected minimally by partial penetration, vertical anisotropy, or analyst. Cooper‐Jacob transmissivity estimates of simulated unconfined aquifers averaged twice the known values. Transmissivity estimates of unconfined aquifers were not improved by interpreting results with an unconfined aquifer solution. Judicious interpretation of late‐time data consistently improved estimates where transmissivity exceeded 250 m2/d in unconfined aquifers.