Studies on structure activity relationship of some dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin antioxidants based on their interaction with Fe(III) and ADP

Three dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (DHMC) derivatives, namely 7,8-DHMC, 6,7-DHMC and 5,7-DHMC alone and complexed with Fe(III) and ADP have been tested for their antioxidative potential. Chemical speciation studies and formation constants reveal the formation of strong DHMC-Fe-ADP (1:1:1) ternary complex. In vitro studies were done for their antioxidative property by scavenging the superoxide radicals (O2*-) generated by xanthine + xanthine oxidase (XO) reaction. The IC50 values for 7,8-DHMC, 6,7-DHMC and 5,7-DHMC and their ternary complexes with Fe(III)-ADP worked out to be 34.0 microM, 62.0 microM, 8.80 mM and 10.5, 11.5 and 148.5 microM, respectively. The results indicate that O2*- scavenging potential of all the three DHMCs increased significantly after forming the ternary complex with Fe(III) and ADP. The structure activity relationship studies suggest that the introduction of hydroxyl group at 7th and 8th positions in the coumarins, irrespective of Fe(III)-ADP complexation, increases the antioxidative efficacy. No change in uric acid production in the reactions done for all studies further reveals that the coumarin derivatives and their complexes were the only causative factors for O2*- scavenging and not the suppression of the enzyme, xanthine oxidase.