Diabetic Nephropathy in Pregnancy: Suboptimal Hypertensive Control Associated With Preterm Delivery

Nephropathy complicates 5% to 10% of pregnancies in women with diabetes and is associated with adverse outcomes. Given the importance of blood pressure (BP) control in reducing cardiovascular and renal complications outside of pregnancy, we hypothesized that poorly controlled hypertension in early p...

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Veröffentlicht in:American journal of hypertension 2006-05, Vol.19 (5), p.513-519
Hauptverfasser: Carr, Darcy B., Koontz, Gretchen L., Gardella, Carolyn, Holing, Emily V., Brateng, Debra A., Brown, Zane A., Easterling, Thomas R.
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container_issue 5
container_start_page 513
container_title American journal of hypertension
container_volume 19
creator Carr, Darcy B.
Koontz, Gretchen L.
Gardella, Carolyn
Holing, Emily V.
Brateng, Debra A.
Brown, Zane A.
Easterling, Thomas R.
description Nephropathy complicates 5% to 10% of pregnancies in women with diabetes and is associated with adverse outcomes. Given the importance of blood pressure (BP) control in reducing cardiovascular and renal complications outside of pregnancy, we hypothesized that poorly controlled hypertension in early pregnancy among women with diabetic nephropathy would be associated with adverse outcomes. To examine the impact of hypertensive control in early pregnancy on perinatal outcomes, we performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies complicated by diabetic nephropathy with “Above Target” mean arterial pressure (≥100 mm Hg; N = 21) and “Below Target” mean arterial pressure (
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Given the importance of blood pressure (BP) control in reducing cardiovascular and renal complications outside of pregnancy, we hypothesized that poorly controlled hypertension in early pregnancy among women with diabetic nephropathy would be associated with adverse outcomes. To examine the impact of hypertensive control in early pregnancy on perinatal outcomes, we performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies complicated by diabetic nephropathy with “Above Target” mean arterial pressure (≥100 mm Hg; N = 21) and “Below Target” mean arterial pressure (&lt;100 mm Hg; N = 22), which approximates the American Diabetes Association and the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee recommended target of 130/80 mm Hg, measured at &lt;20 weeks’ gestation. There were no differences in maternal age (mean ± SEM: 27.2 ± 1.2 v 29.5 ± 1.0 years), duration of diabetes (median, range: 17.5, 13 to 24 v 16, 1 to 25 years), or glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA 1c] 8.0% ± 0.3% v 8.1% ± 0.4%) between the Above and Below Target groups. The Above Target group had more proteinuria (4.69 ± 1.08 v 1.65 ± 0.43 g/24 h; P = .007) and higher serum creatinine levels (1.23 ± 0.17 v 0.85 ± 0.06 mg/dL; P = .02). The Above Target group was more likely to deliver at &lt;32 weeks’ gestation (38.1% v 4.6%; P = .007). The increased risk of preterm delivery remained significant after adjusting for duration of diabetes and glucose control. Suboptimal control of hypertension in early pregnancy in women with diabetic nephropathy is associated with a significant risk of preterm delivery. 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Apud cells (diseases) ; Endocrinopathies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Humans ; hypertension ; Hypertension - etiology ; Hypertension - physiopathology ; Hypertension - prevention &amp; control ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Medical sciences ; Obstetric Labor, Premature - epidemiology ; Obstetric Labor, Premature - etiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Pregnancy. Fetus. 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Given the importance of blood pressure (BP) control in reducing cardiovascular and renal complications outside of pregnancy, we hypothesized that poorly controlled hypertension in early pregnancy among women with diabetic nephropathy would be associated with adverse outcomes. To examine the impact of hypertensive control in early pregnancy on perinatal outcomes, we performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies complicated by diabetic nephropathy with “Above Target” mean arterial pressure (≥100 mm Hg; N = 21) and “Below Target” mean arterial pressure (&lt;100 mm Hg; N = 22), which approximates the American Diabetes Association and the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee recommended target of 130/80 mm Hg, measured at &lt;20 weeks’ gestation. There were no differences in maternal age (mean ± SEM: 27.2 ± 1.2 v 29.5 ± 1.0 years), duration of diabetes (median, range: 17.5, 13 to 24 v 16, 1 to 25 years), or glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA 1c] 8.0% ± 0.3% v 8.1% ± 0.4%) between the Above and Below Target groups. The Above Target group had more proteinuria (4.69 ± 1.08 v 1.65 ± 0.43 g/24 h; P = .007) and higher serum creatinine levels (1.23 ± 0.17 v 0.85 ± 0.06 mg/dL; P = .02). The Above Target group was more likely to deliver at &lt;32 weeks’ gestation (38.1% v 4.6%; P = .007). The increased risk of preterm delivery remained significant after adjusting for duration of diabetes and glucose control. Suboptimal control of hypertension in early pregnancy in women with diabetic nephropathy is associated with a significant risk of preterm delivery. Improved preconceptional control of hypertension may reduce adverse perinatal outcomes in women with diabetic nephropathy.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension</subject><subject>Associated diseases and complications</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood and lymphatic vessels</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - physiology</subject><subject>Cardiac Output - physiology</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - blood</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - complications</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology</subject><subject>Diabetic nephropathy</subject><subject>Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy</subject><subject>Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)</subject><subject>Endocrinopathies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>hypertension</subject><subject>Hypertension - etiology</subject><subject>Hypertension - physiopathology</subject><subject>Hypertension - prevention &amp; control</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Obstetric Labor, Premature - epidemiology</subject><subject>Obstetric Labor, Premature - etiology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications</subject><subject>Pregnancy. Fetus. 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Given the importance of blood pressure (BP) control in reducing cardiovascular and renal complications outside of pregnancy, we hypothesized that poorly controlled hypertension in early pregnancy among women with diabetic nephropathy would be associated with adverse outcomes. To examine the impact of hypertensive control in early pregnancy on perinatal outcomes, we performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies complicated by diabetic nephropathy with “Above Target” mean arterial pressure (≥100 mm Hg; N = 21) and “Below Target” mean arterial pressure (&lt;100 mm Hg; N = 22), which approximates the American Diabetes Association and the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee recommended target of 130/80 mm Hg, measured at &lt;20 weeks’ gestation. There were no differences in maternal age (mean ± SEM: 27.2 ± 1.2 v 29.5 ± 1.0 years), duration of diabetes (median, range: 17.5, 13 to 24 v 16, 1 to 25 years), or glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA 1c] 8.0% ± 0.3% v 8.1% ± 0.4%) between the Above and Below Target groups. The Above Target group had more proteinuria (4.69 ± 1.08 v 1.65 ± 0.43 g/24 h; P = .007) and higher serum creatinine levels (1.23 ± 0.17 v 0.85 ± 0.06 mg/dL; P = .02). The Above Target group was more likely to deliver at &lt;32 weeks’ gestation (38.1% v 4.6%; P = .007). The increased risk of preterm delivery remained significant after adjusting for duration of diabetes and glucose control. Suboptimal control of hypertension in early pregnancy in women with diabetic nephropathy is associated with a significant risk of preterm delivery. Improved preconceptional control of hypertension may reduce adverse perinatal outcomes in women with diabetic nephropathy.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>16647626</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.12.010</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension
Associated diseases and complications
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Blood Pressure - physiology
Cardiac Output - physiology
Cardiology. Vascular system
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Diabetic Nephropathies - blood
Diabetic Nephropathies - complications
Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology
Diabetic nephropathy
Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
hypertension
Hypertension - etiology
Hypertension - physiopathology
Hypertension - prevention & control
Incidence
Infant, Newborn
Medical sciences
Obstetric Labor, Premature - epidemiology
Obstetric Labor, Premature - etiology
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta
preterm delivery
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
title Diabetic Nephropathy in Pregnancy: Suboptimal Hypertensive Control Associated With Preterm Delivery
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